একাদশ শ্রেণির ইংরেজি দ্বিতীয়পত্র

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Narration cvi‡Z n‡j Rvb‡Z n‡e|
1. Sentence ‡Pbvi Dcvq | 
2. Sentence Gi cwieZ©b |
3. Person Gi cwieZ©b |
4. Verb Gi cwieZ©b |
1. Sentence ‡Pbvi Dcvq |
Sentence
i. Assertive= Subject c«_‡g _vK‡j (Sub+Verb+Obje)
‡hgb: Anirban is my son.
ii. Interrogative=Wh Question +Auxiliary Verb A_ev Auxiliary Verb cª_‡g _v‡K, ‡k‡l (?)_v‡K|
‡hgb: Where are you going? Are you eating?
iii. Imperative=Present Form, Don’t/Never Present Form, Please, Kindly, Let c«_‡g _v‡K |
‡hgb: See it. Don’t call me there. Please sit down.
iv. Optative=May cª_‡g _v‡K, ‡k‡l Full Stop (.) _v‡K
‡hgb: May you live long.
v. Exclamatory=What a/an, How +adjective, Hurrah, Alas BZ¨vw` _v‡K, ‡k‡l (!) _v‡K| ‡hgb: What a fine boy you are!
Change According to Sentence
Person cwieZ©b
First Person - Reporting Verb Gi Subject Abymv‡i
Second Person- Reporting Verb Gi Object
Third Person- No change
Note: We Øviv mgMª gvbe RvZx‡K ‡evSv‡j We Gi cwieZ©b nq bv|
Verb Gi cwieZ©b
1.present indefinite to past indefinite
2.present continuous to past continuous
3.present perfect to past perfect
4.past indefinite to past perfect
5.past continuous to past perfect continuous
6.past perfect to no change
7.Universal truth /habitual fact n‡j tense Gi no change
8.Reporting verb hw` present /future tense nq Zvn‡j reported speech Gi tense Gi ‡Kv‡bv change n‡ebv|
GQvovI ‡`‡L iv‡Lv wK _vK‡j wK n‡e:
Note-1. Narration Kivi mgq interrogative sentence G do/does _vK‡j Zv D‡V hvq |
Note-2. would, could, should, might Gi ‡Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv
For example:
we:`ª= said (past tense)Gi ¯’v‡b say/shall,will(present/future) n‡j 4bs Verb Gi ‡Kvb cwieZ©b n‡e bv|
For example 
Direct: Kabir says to Shawan, ÒI write a letter.Ó 
Indirect: Kabir tells Shawan that he writes a letter.
Rules on passage narration
Rule-1: Reported speech-Gi g‡a¨ ‡Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev cªvYxi bvg a‡i WvKvi e¨envi _vK‡j Zv reporting verb Gi m‡½ mshy³ n‡e| ‡hgb:
a. He said, ÒSheba, do not quarrel.Ó
Answer: He told Sheba not to quarrel.

n cieZ©x Ask AvMvgx msL¨vq